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HighRes-net: Recursive Fusion for Multi-Frame Super-Resolution of Satellite Imagery

Michel Deudon Alfredo Kalaitzis Israel Goytom Md Rifat Arefin Zhichao Lin Kris Sankaran Vincent Michalski Samira E. Kahou Julien Cornebise Yoshua Bengio

Abstract

Generative deep learning has sparked a new wave of Super-Resolution (SR)algorithms that enhance single images with impressive aesthetic results, albeitwith imaginary details. Multi-frame Super-Resolution (MFSR) offers a moregrounded approach to the ill-posed problem, by conditioning on multiplelow-resolution views. This is important for satellite monitoring of humanimpact on the planet -- from deforestation, to human rights violations -- thatdepend on reliable imagery. To this end, we present HighRes-net, the first deeplearning approach to MFSR that learns its sub-tasks in an end-to-end fashion:(i) co-registration, (ii) fusion, (iii) up-sampling, and (iv)registration-at-the-loss. Co-registration of low-resolution views is learnedimplicitly through a reference-frame channel, with no explicit registrationmechanism. We learn a global fusion operator that is applied recursively on anarbitrary number of low-resolution pairs. We introduce a registered loss, bylearning to align the SR output to a ground-truth through ShiftNet. We showthat by learning deep representations of multiple views, we can super-resolvelow-resolution signals and enhance Earth Observation data at scale. Ourapproach recently topped the European Space Agency's MFSR competition onreal-world satellite imagery.


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